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KMID : 1001320130400030299
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Social Welfare Policy
2013 Volume.40 No. 3 p.299 ~ p.319
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How does the Division of the Korean Peninsula determine the Prospect of Korean Welfare State?An Essay
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Yoon Hong-Sik
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Abstract
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This study presents two arguments on how the division of the Korean peninsula has determined the prospect of Korean welfare state. First argument has to do with whether Korea meets the requirements of the modern state, the major prerequisite for the welfare state. This study argues that Korea is a modern state although some imperfect factors remain such as border issues with North Korea. Second, using divided countries as the rationale, the past dictatorial governments effectively suppressed the political empowerment of the working class and the left parties which are important agents of welfare state construction. Furthermore, this study pays attention to the irony that the past dictatorship provided the basis for the growth of Juche Ideology in South Korea. In the long run, the division of Korean peninsula did not only suppress the political empowerment of the left but also undermined the class solidarity between the working class and the middle class. This study presents two arguments on how the division of the Korean peninsula has determined the prospect of Korean welfare state. First argument has to do with whether Korea meets the requirements of the modern state, the major prerequisite for the welfare state. This study argues that Korea is a modern state although some imperfect factors remain such as border issues with North Korea. Second, using divided countries as the rationale, the past dictatorial governments effectively suppressed the political empowerment of the working class and the left parties which are important agents of welfare state construction. Furthermore, this study pays attention to the irony that the past dictatorship provided the basis for the growth of Juche Ideology in South Korea. In the long run, the division of Korean peninsula did not only suppress the political empowerment of the left but also undermined the class solidarity between the working class and the middle class.
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KEYWORD
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Divided Regime, Welfare State, Power Resource, Modern State, Class Solidarity
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